NCPS National Center for Patient Safety

Please visit NCPS for a media kit on Fall Prevention NCPS Fall Prevention Media Kit

HIPS Women

HIPS Hip Protector for Women:
3-Unit All Inclusive Hip Protection Kit

Hip Protector for WOMEN: HIPS 3-UNIT-KIT: The right hip protection system is essential in a complete fall prevention and fall protection program. Osteoporosis (weak bones and bone loss) and hip fractures is a serious problem in the elderly. HIPS energy shunting hip-protector system is an aid in helping to prevent osteoporotic hip fractures and protect yourself or a loved one in case of a fall. More Fall Prevention items.

This unique two-piece hip protector consists of a pair of patented HIPS hip protectors (shock guards) that fit inside pockets in specially made HIPS underwear. How HIPS works

Regain Confidence - Prevent Inactivity!
Click below to order your 3-Unit Kit We use a secure shopping cart system.

Complete 3-UNIT-KIT for sale at $174.95 consists of:
(A) Three Pairs of Quality HIPS hip protector Underwear with inside pockets (83% Cotton, 5% Lycra, 12% Polyamid)
(B) One Pair of HIPS Hip-Protectors (energy shunting hip pads)
(C) Fasteners. . Instructions for use. Very Comfortable to wear! Room for incontinence protection.

Energy Shunting Hip Protector
Removable Hip Protecting Shields / Pads
Comfortable to wear (83% Cotton)
Precision Sizes for a Perfect Fit (5 sizes for Women) Select Size
Long lasting. Wash underwear separate - detachable hip pads.

30-Day Money Back Guarantee! SIZE - Select your size! - Hips for MEN Please note that none of the hip protectors on the US market have been approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) for the prevention of hip fractures.

HIPS Extra Panties WOMEN

HIPS Underwear for WOMEN with Inside Pockets custom made to fit the HIPS hip protectors.

Each package contains: Two pairs of HIPS quality underwear (83% Cotton, 5% Lycra, 12% Polyamid) with special inside pockets.NO HIP PROTECTORS INCLUDED

30-Day Money Back Guarantee. We accept all major credit cards! Size? How HIPS works?

SafeHip SOFT Women

HIProtector® SafeHip®
SOFT Hip Protector for WOMEN

One-Piece System is the most comfortable to wear women's hip protector. This popular SOFT HIProtector SafeHip is easy to put on and comfortable to wear.

(click to enlarge image)

Regain Confidence - Prevent Inactivity!

SOFT One-Piece SafeHip Hip Protector | Women | Men

Comfortable to Wear - Cotton Underwear

5 Sizes for Comfort (X-S, S, M, L, X-L). Select Size

Size is based on hip measurement in inches

SafeHip is the World's Most Sold Hip Protector

High quality item. SafeHip has won the First Place Silver Award in the American Society on Aging Products Design Competition. This is the Easy to Wear - Easy to Put On SafeHip SOFT hip protector. Start protecting yourself or a loved one by ordering a SAFEHIP hip protector for Women (SafeHip Hip Protector for MEN). Made in Lithuania. The SafeHip hip protector is widely used in fall prevention programs. These programs are designed to help avoid hip fractures in the frail elderly, suffering from osteoporosis, a history of falls, or fear of falling. | More Fall Prevention items.

Comfortable 78% Cotton, 14% Polyamide, 8% Elastine blend underwear.

Manufacturer: SafeHip | Made in Lithuania

Non-Returnable: This product is non-returnable for hygiene reasons.

Shipping: FREE Standard Shipping (US customers only)

SafeHip SOFT Men

HIProtector® SafeHip®
SOFT Hip Protector for MEN

One-Piece System is the most comfortable to wear men's hip protector. This popular SOFT HIProtector SafeHip is easy to put on and comfortable to wear.

(click to enlarge image)

Regain Confidence - Prevent Inactivity!

SOFT One-Piece SafeHip Hip Protector for Men

Comfortable to Wear - Cotton Underwear (briefs with fly) | Women | Men

4 Sizes for Comfort (S, M, L, X-L). Select Size

Size is based on hip measurement in inches

SafeHip is the World's Most Sold Hip Protector

High quality item. SafeHip has won the First Place Silver Award in the American Society on Aging Products Design Competition. This is the Easy to Wear - Easy to Put On SafeHip SOFT hip protector for MEN (SafeHip SOFT for WOMEN). Start protecting yourself or a loved one by ordering a SafeHip hip protector for men. Made in Lithuania. The SafeHip hip protector is widely used in fall prevention programs. These programs are designed to help avoid hip fractures in the frail elderly, suffering from osteoporosis, a history of falls, or fear of falling. | More Fall Prevention items.

Material: Comfortable 71% Cotton 25% Polyester 4% Elastine blend

Manufacturer: Safehip | Made in Lithuania

Non-Returnable: This product is non-returnable for hygiene reasons.

Shipping: FREE Standard Shipping (US only)

HIPS Men

hip protector, hip pads, hips, elderly, men, e-pill, fall, prevention, hip-protector safehip

HIPS Extra Briefs MEN

Extra HIPS underwear for MEN with Inside Special Pockets custom made to fit HIPS hip protectors. Each package contains: Two Pairs of comfortable to wear Quality HIPS Underwear with Special Inside Pockets (95% Cotton, 5% Lycra).

NO HIP PROTECTORS INCLUDED

We accept all major credit cards! Size? How HIPS works?

KPH Hip Protector Women

Buy the KPH Hip Protectors used in the landmark NEJM study.

A study (1,801 elderly patients/Finland) published in the New England Journal of Medicine has shown that KPH Hip Protectors can significantly reduce hip fractures in the elderly in the event of a fall. (NEJM November 23, 2000)

This specially designed two-piece hip protector consists of one pair of hip protectors (shock guards) and one pair of specially made KPH underwear with pockets for the protectors. Fall protection: Start protecting yourself or a loved one from osteoporosis-related hip fractures today!

Energy shunting. Divert the energy in case of a fall.

Removable hip protectors - Easy zipper access.

5 Sizes for Comfort (X-S, S, M, L, X-L)

High quality item. Made in Finland.

Learn more about Hip Protectors!

We accept all major credit cards. 30-Day Money Back Guarantee.

KPH Hip Protector Men

Buy the KPH Hip Protectors used in the landmark NEJM study.

A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine proves that KPH Hip Protectors significantly reduce hip fractures in the elderly in the event of a fall. (NEJM November 23, 2000)

This specially designed two-piece hip protector consists of one pair of hip protectors (shock guards) and one pair of specially made KPH underwear with pockets for the protectors. Fall protection: Start protecting yourself or a loved one from osteoporosis-related hip fractures today!

Energy shunting. Divert the energy in case of a fall.

Removable hip protectors - Easy zipper access.

5 Sizes for Comfort (X-S, S, M, L, X-L)

Comfortable Briefs with fly.

High quality item. Made in Finland.

Wash the underwear without the protectors in warm water.

Learn more about Hip Protectors!

We accept all major credit cards. 30-Day Money Back Guarantee

CuraMedica Unisex

CuraMedica® HIProtector® (Uni-Sex):
Incontinence Friendly Hip Protector for Women and Men

Incontinence Friendly Energy Shunting Hip Protector CuraMedica. Ideal for every urinary incontinent patient. The HIProtector CuraMedica energy shunting hip protector, works with all incontinence systems. No need to change the patient's "underwear habits". The use of the Cura Medica Hip Protectors may be an excellent alternative or complement to any falls prevention program for osteoporosis patients when incontinence is an issue. Especially suited for elder people with previous hip fracture / hip fractures, a history of falls, or fear of falling. | More Fall Prevention items.

Regain Confidence - Prevent Inactivity!
Unisex one size fits all design, for women and men. Start Protecting Yourself or a Loved One Today! (click to enlarge photo)

Energy Shunting Hip Protector

Incontince Friendly

Works with all Incontinence Protection

Comfortable to Wear

One Size, fits all (hip line 29-39 inches).

One Piece, Easy To Use

High Quality Garment

Easily Adjustable hip protector with Velcro Closure

Underwear: Garment 89% Poly/Cotton, 11% Spandex Shields: ABS Plastic and closed cell foam liner. This garment fits over the patients regular underwear and only adds about an inch to your hip line. Hip protector with hip pads with proper Fit by Velcro closure (energy shunting hard hip pad sewn in on each side). Regular washing. Made in the USA.

Color: White | Size: One Size (hip line 29-39 inches).

Order your HIProtector CuraMedica hip protector today. 30-Day Money Back Guarantee.

HipGuard Protector

Hip
Protector
HipGuard™

Hip Protector Belt

Worn Outside Your Clothing

Uni-Sex for Women and Men.

Comes in 3 Sizes (Small, Medium, Large) | Size Chart

Fall Prevention: Innovative hip protector belt (hip protection belt) is worn outside your clothing. The HipGuard hip protector is suitable for both indoor and outdoor activities for elder persons; protect yourself againts hip fracture while walking the dog, walking in the woods, being outside on a cold, icy day when you are afraid of slipping and hurting your hip. The Hip Guard external hip protector will make you feel more secure when walking outside or in unfamiliar surrondings.click to enlarge photos. Click to see HipGuard in the News!. | More Fall Prevention items.

Hip Protector Belts are "sporty" hip protectors for the active elderly, to wear indoors or outdoors. The external hip protection belt looks like a belt pack or a tool belt worn around your hips. Gives anyone a sporty, "cool" look, while making you feel safer and more confident, and may help protecting your hips against hip fracture! May also be worn under clothing. Osteoporosis? Afraid of fractures? Afraid to go outside on rainy or icy days? Have you fallen before? Start using a HIProtector HipGuard today. Break the fall - not the hip!

For the correct HipGuard size, measure the widest part of the hips ("hip-line") dressed with your normal clothing. HIProtector HipGuard the external hip protector comes in three uni-sex sizes. Make sure you have the correct HipGuard size (based on hip size in inches);

FREE Standard Shipping. We accept all major credit cards. Start proctecting yourself or a loved one today - "Regain Confidence - Prevent Inactivity!"

SIZE Chart

When you have selected the Hip Protector (HP) model that fits your needs and preferences, you need to pick the right size for you or your patient. In some cases, there are different hip protector sizes for women and men. For maximum comfort and protection, select the correct size of HIProtector SafeHip, HIPS, KPH, HipGuard, or CuraMedica. Click on the corresponding chart below! | More Fall Prevention items.

Falls Prevention TIPS

Fall Prevention Tips

Avoiding Slips, Trips and Broken Hips ..... If you have fallen lately, you are not alone. More than 11 million people over the age of 65 fall every year -- that's 1 of every 3 senior citizens. Falls can be a serious problem -- they are a major cause of injury, restricted mobility, and loss of independence.

Practical Fall Prevention - A "hip" idea for fracture prevention
Falls Prevention Toolkit (VA/NCPS)
Helpful Fall Prevention Products

Therefore, elderly fall prevention is a major issue, but can start with some simple fall prevention exercises at home. Also, consider the use of an external hip protector: Complete HIProtector® line | CDC Preventing Falls Among Seniors

The good news is that many falls can be prevented. Falls prevention programs can start by looking around the patient's or elderly person's home. Let's see what the fall prevention experts say. The most important step you can take to prevent falls is to maintain as much strength and coordination as possible by following your doctor's instructions on taking your medications, eating properly, and exercising. The next step is to look around your home for hazards that could lead to a fall, and correct them. Here are some suggestions for fall prevention exercises, patient fall prevention, and for creating a safer home environment: | Discover Fall Prevention items.

Bathroom

Grab bars to get into and out of the tub

Use a bath chair or stool in the shower

Don't use throw rugs or wax on the bathroom floor

Use a raised toilet seat with arm rails

Buy soap on a rope, or put a bar of soap in a nylon stocking with one end tied to a towel bar

Bedroom

Never get up in the dark - make sure the room is well lit

Keep light switch close to bed - Use a Fall Prevention Light-Touch Dimmer

Avoid slippery socks or slippers

Consider using a Bed Transfer Handle or Bed Security Rail

Hide all loose extension cords

Consider using a Medical Alarm / PERS System

Use carpets and rugs with skidproof backing or tacked to the floor

Kitchen

Use a long-handled sponge/mop to wipe up spills

Keep your floors smooth but not slippery

Store your often-used supplies in easy-to-reach cabinets

Avoid hard-to-reach wall phones; consider a cordless phone that can be carried from room to room, or a counter model

Around the House

To be safer, consider using a Medical Alarm / PERS System

Stairwells should be well lit; consider nightlights for hallways and bathrooms

Wear low-heeled, comfortable shoes with nonskid soles;

Don't walk around in socks, slippers, or stockings on bare floors

Keep rooms and hallways free of clutter

Make sure carpets, including those on stairs, have skidproof backing or are tacked to the floor

Learn more about Fall Prevention Programs

Use common sense. If bending throws you off balance, try to avoid picking things up. If you are unsteady outdoors, use a cane to negotiate sidewalk cracks and curbs. If you fall but do not injure yourself, don't assume that you must restrict your activities. Too little activity can cause you to lose strength and coordination, putting you at greater risk for another fall. Instead, talk to your doctor about these and other steps you can take to reduce your risk of a more serious fall. Make sure to ask about the use of a hip protector.

Learn more about patient fall prevention and fall prevention tips for the elderly: How does a HIProtector® energy shunting hip protector work?

Hip Protector Science & Studies

Hip Protector Science and Studies: RESEARCH

Hip Fracture Prevention / Hip Protectors Primer / Science and Clinical Studies / Fall Prevention

Hip protector research, Hip Protectors, the value of Hip Protectors in an acute setting, Fall Prevention in Hospitals and Institutions: Hip fractures (as a result of falls / osteoporosis / bone loss) are a major and growing socio-economic problem in the US. More than 90% of hip fractures are related to a direct impact to the hip, and hip protector ("padding") systems have been introduced as a concept in the prevention of these fractures.

300,000 Hip Fractures in the US alone per Year

Several clinical studies have been carried out with hip protectors (protection of the greater trochanter). The goal of these studies has been to confirm/disapprove efficacy (reduction in the the number of hip fractures), clarify patient compliance ("willingness" of patients to wear hip protectors), and establish the health-economic benefit from the use of hip protectors. | Hip Protector use in the community.

Fall Statistics (actual data) in Hospitals (example NQF Measures at Each Massachusetts Hospital); Click here for actual falls data by MA Hospital

The general effect of hip protectors (in particular of impact diverting hip protectors) has been proven in various biomechanical studies. Laboratory experiments have shown it is possible to reduce impact force on the greater trochanter with the use of shell type protectors and horse-shoe shaped protectors. Soft hip protectors may offer a lower reduction of the peak force.

In total over 4,000 patients have been studied. Studies of hip protectors have been carried out in different care settings; nursing homes, assisted living facilities, home care, hospitals and people living at home.

Patient compliance varies greatly in the studies and is dependent on factors such as; "a previous hip fracture", "fear of falling" and "snowy weather".

Learn more - Hip Protector Clinical Studies:

Douglas P. Kiel (2007), Jay Magaziner, Sheryl Zimmerman, Linda Ball, Bruce A. Barton, Kathleen M. Brown, Judith P. Stone, Dawn Dewkett, Stanley J. Birge.

Efficacy of a Hip Protector to Prevent Hip Fracture in Nursing Home Residents: The HIP PRO Randomized Controlled Trial.

JAMA. 2007;298:413-422. Vol. 298 No. 4, July 25, 2007JAMA / Efficacy of a Hip Protector to Prevent Hip Fracture in Nursing Home Residents:

van Schoor (2003) Prevention of Hip Fractures by External Hip Protectors . A Randomized Controlled Trial - JAMA April 16, 2003 561 elderly patients (70 years or older). (SAFEHIP Hip Protectors)

Kannus (2000) Prevention of Hip Fracture in Elderly People with Use of a Hip Protector - NEJM November 23, 2000 1,801 elderly patients.(KPH Hip Protectors)

Hindso (1998)
Findings: Clinical controlled, but not randomised study of elderly 1,684 inpatients predominantly coming from their own homes. The users of the shell type hip protectors experienced a relative risk of sustaining a hip fracture of 88% (difference not statisticaly significant).

Ekman (1997)
Findings: Randomised and controlled trial of 11 months duration including 745 nursing home residents a relative risk of 0.33, when adjusting for sex and age. In the control group of 442 residents 17 hip fractures were recorded compared to 4 hip fractures in the intervention group of 302 residents.

Lauritzen (1993)
Hip protectors were made of stiff shells placed in pockets of special made underwear.
Findings: Randomised controlled trial of 11 months duration including 665 nursing home residents (444 women, 121 men) that the risk of suffering a hip fracture was reduced to 43% in the intervention group, and none hip fracture occurred while wearing the protectors.

Wortberg (1988)
Hip protectors were made of silicone pads.
Findings: No hip fractures in 16 protected falls compared to 4 hip fractures in 7 unprotected falls. Results were based on fall registration in a non-randomised and not controlled nursing home study.

Conclusion

Hip protection systems (Hip Protectors / Hip Pads) may be a factor in the prevention of hip fractures. A percentage of hip fractures theoretically may be preventable but poor patient compliance and other factors brings down the number of actual reduction of hip fractures. Even a minor reduction in the occurrence of hip fractures should have positive economic impact. When wearing a hip protector, one cannot exclude the possibility of sustaining a hip fracture.

Please note that the none of the products on the US market have been approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) for the prevention of hip fractures.

References

Wortberg WE. Hüft-Fraktur-Bandage zur Verhinderung von Oberschenkelhals-brüchen bei alter Menshen. Der Oberschenkelhalsbruch, ein biomechanishes Problem. Z Gerontolog 1988; 21: 169-73.

Lauritzen JB, Petersen MM, Lund B. Effect of external hip protectors on hip fractures. Lancet. 1993; 341: 11-3.

Hindso K, Lauritzen JB, Sonne-Holm S. Prevention of hip fractures using external hip protectors. Acta Orthop Scand 1996; 67 (Suppl 267): 31.

Ekman A, Mallmin H, Michaëlsson K, Ljunghall S. External hip protectors to prevent osteoporotic hip fractures. Lancet 1997; 350: 563-4.

Cameron,I.; Kurrle,S. External hip protectors. J Am Geriatr Soc 1997; 45: 1158.

Hindso K. Prevention of hip fractures using external hip protectors. Risk factors for falls, hip fractures, and mortality; and evaluation of the consequences of fear of falling among older orthopaedic patients. PhD-thesis 1998; University of Copenhagen.

Medical Alert System $239 (No Monthly Fees)

Medical Alarm / Personal Alert Emergency Response System: Help is just the Press of a Button away!

"I've fallen - Please come help me!"

Regardless of the unwanted event at home - falling in the bathroom or kitchen, an accident, stroke, heart attack, or other medical emergency ... Our Medical Alarm System / PERS (Personal Emergency Response System) with 2 personal alarm pendants calls your caregiver (daughter or son or other selected individual) and informs them of the emergency. Use your cellular ("cell") phone or regular phone to monitor the patient, and to be alerted of any medical emergency. Emergency call systems, personal alarms, a medical alarm or medical alert device is an essential part of any fall prevention program for the senior. More Fall Prevention items.

Medical Alarm - Only $239 - No Monthly Fees Ever!

This medical alarm is worn an around the neck (or in your pocket). Complete medical alarm system includes two alarm pendants. It works with all brands of phones and cellular phones: Nokia, Motorola, Sony Ericsson, Siemens, Verizon, Sprint, Cingular, Samsung etc. (click above to see how it works). What is a Classic Medical Alert / PERS? Want to Rent a classic Medical Alert PERS?

Our Medical Alarm System/ PERS (Personal Emergency Response System) comes complete with TWO Personal Help Buttons (2 pendants - His and Hers, or one for the bedroom, one worn around the neck for day time use) - Works All Around the House (maximum range is 75 feet to base). ONLY $239.00! No monthly fees ever again!

Our Medical Alarm System / PERS (Personal Emergency Response System) has easy to carry wireless electronic personal help buttons (alarm pendants) carried in the pocket or worn around your neck signals for help from anywhere in the house or apartment.

No Monthly Fees Ever!

No Installation Fee

Now with Five pre-programmed emergency telephone numbers

Automatically dials and alerts caregiver

Pre-recorded help message in your own voice

Works with existing phone line

Easy Setup

Use your CELLULAR phone, regular home or work PHONE or PAGER to monitor your parents' well being - it is the perfect personal alert system! This emergency call system is ideal for seniors and persons of all ages living alone, and persons with disabilities. Medical alarms for elderly are also widely used for elder care in assisted living facilities. What is a traditional PERS

Battery back-up system keeps e-pill Help-At-Hand PERS active for three hours after a power failure. Comes complete with TWO Personal Help Buttons (75 feet pendant to base range). Simply plug the base station into an existing telephone line. Plug exisitng touchtone telephone into base station. Simply program the numbers to be called and the message to be sent using your existing phone. (click to enlarge image)

Medical Emergency .... simply pull out the small ring that is attached to the wireless personal help button carried around the user's neck or in their pocket. Help is on the way!

Additional Feature: The Medical Alarm / PERS is also equipped with a special INTERCOM Call button on the pendant. Press and a loud BUZZER in the base station alerts individuals within the home or outside in the yard that help is needed without dialing remote caregiver. Use when Mom or Dad is sick in bed and needs help without using their own voice to call spouse or room-mate. 30-Day Money Back Guarantee.

Manufacturer: ECS | One (1) Year Warranty

Weight: Pendant 1 Oz. (each) System: 2 Pounds

Shipping: FREE Standard Shipping (US Customers only).

Automatic Pill Dispenser

Automatic Pill Dispenser

SMART AUTOMATIC MEDICATION DISPENSER ("pill box") from e-pill Medication Reminders

e-pill electronic "pill" dispenser (medtime automatic medication dispenser/pill organizer/pill box, med-time) and reminder system helps ensure that medications and vitamins are taken properly (pill identification) and on time. | More Fall Prevention items.(click to enlarge photos) Taking the right medicine on time (rx/otc medications, vitamins or supplements) is as important as what meds are being taken. Med-Time size: About two dinner plates (see photo). Made in Sweden (Careousel). 30-Day Money Back Guarantee! Ideal gift for a loved one. More about Med-Time.

Fully Automatic Pill Dispenser

Easy SET-UP

SIMPLE to use, dispense up to 28 times per day

Medication TRAYS (2 included)

Lockable with KEY (2 included)

Long Alarm time duration (up to 60 minutes)

NO monthly FEES

Never forget to take your medications again!

Right Meds | Right Dose | Right Time

Med-Time is a device for dispensing medicine, reminding the user when medicine shall be taken, and making the correct dose available. More info / photos: open and how Med-Time works.

Medication Time: Alarm will sound & pills rotate into position. Lift up device, tilt device to make the pills fall into your hand. All other medicine is inaccessible. Alarm stops (by tilting action or after 60 minutes). Ideal for anyone on a complex medication schedule or for those who have difficulty with manual dexterity. Compare Automatic Medication Dispensers

Program & Load: Technical Specifications Load the pills in the medication tray (two trays are included). Set the alarm clock, you can program up to 28 alarms per day (4 AA batteries are included). Tray (pill box) has 28 compartments, each can hold several pills (each compartment has a capacity equal to 15 Aspirins). Load tray (pill box) & lock (2 keys included) your Med-Time. An empty (prescription) Medical Information/Drug Information Chart is included. Keep your meds organized and make pill identification easy with our automatic medication dispenser! It is ready to remind & dispense! Never forget to take your "pills" again. Great for all tablets, vitamins and capsules.

1 medication time per day – refill tray every 28 days (4 weeks!)

2 medication times per day – refill tray every 14 days (2 weeks!)

3 medication times per day – refill tray every 9 days

4 medication times per day – refill tray every 7 days (once per week!)

7 medication times per day – refill tray every 4 days

Manufactured by: American Medical Alert Corp. (AMAC) - One Year Warranty.

Size: Width 7 1/2 inch x 2 1/4 inch Weight: 17 oz

How much is Shipping & Handling?
We accept credit cards: AMEX, Visa, MasterCard, Discover, Diner's Club
Non-Returnable: Hip Prtectors are non-returnable for hygiene reasons.
e-pill, LLC makes no implied or express guarantee that its products or devices will prevent injury.
Please note that none of the hip protector products on the US market have been approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) for the prevention of hip fractures. HIProtector® Living With Fewer Anxieties About Falling™
SafeHip® & HipGuard™
Regain Confidence - Prevent Inactivity!
e-pill, LLC | HIProtector®
49 Walnut Street, Bldg. 4
Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
www.HIProtector.com
(781) 239-2941 | 1-800-930-9255 | fax (781) 235-3252 e-pill, LLC or HIProtector is not a Medicare Provider and does not bill Medicare. If you are a Medicare recipient you assume complete financial responsibility for your purchases.
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